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31.
为研究1989—2013年河北省近海有害藻华灾害分级、时空分布和优势肇事生物变化特征,对河北省近海累计58次有害藻华记录的发生时间、位置与范围、面积和优势有害藻华生物种类进行了统计分析。结果表明:小型(面积0~100 km2)、中型(100~1 000 km2)、大型(≥1 000 km2)和面积不详的有害藻华中,小型藻华为多发性藻华,发生次数占全省海域累计发生次数的60.35%;5-8月份是藻华多发期,发生次数占累计发生次数的86.21%;2000年后藻华发生频率大增,由原来年均发生1次演变为年均发生4次;秦皇岛海域发生藻华次数最多,占全省海域累计发生次数的57.14%,沧州海域次之,唐山海域最少;秦皇岛海域发生藻华累计面积最大,占全省海域累计发生面积的64.25%,沧州海域次之,唐山海域最小。河北省优势海洋有害藻华生物共计15种,易发性藻华生物夜光藻Noctiluca scintillans引发藻华次数最多,占全省海域累计发生次数的44.83%,2009年前是河北省近海最主要的藻华肇事生物;高发性藻华生物抑食金球藻Aureococcus anophagefferens引发有害藻华累计面积最大,占全省海域累计发生面积的55.57%,2009年后该藻和夜光藻共同成为河北省近海优势藻华肇事生物。 相似文献
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气象条件对滇池水华分布的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
使用MODIS卫星资料,利用假彩色合成法和归一化植被指数法对滇池蓝藻水华进行监测,得到滇池水华的分布特征是:初现于5月,7月最盛,5—10月均有分布,盛时滇池水华分布区域直至南部海口一线。滇池水华分布总体北部最多,湖岸高于中心湖区,西岸高于东岸和南岸。在营养盐条件满足的条件下,高温对水华有促进作用,但不是决定因素。充足的日照是水华形成的必要条件。降水通过改变水温及日照对水华有抑制作用。小风(小于3 m/s)利于水华形成,大风对水华尤其是稀薄水华分布影响较大。气象条件通过相互影响,共同作用对水华产生影响。 相似文献
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Partial pressure of CO2 in equilibrium with sample water (pCO2) for the coastal water in the Chukchi Sea was continuously observed in summer, 2008. Average daily CO2 flux calculated from the pCO2 and gas transfer coefficients ranged from −0.144 to −0.0701 g C m−2 day−1 depending on which gas transfer coefficient was used. The pCO2 before the landfast ice sheets melted appeared to be highly biologically controlled based on the following information: (1) the diurnal pattern of pCO2 was strongly correlated with Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD); (2) high chlorophyll density was observed during periods of peak uptake; and (3) the day-to-day variation in the pCO2 strongly correlated with the presence or absence of near-shore ice sheets. The lowest pCO2 of 35 ppm together with the highest PPFD of 1362 μmol E m−2 s−1 were observed in the afternoon on June 28 in the presence of sea ice. The very low pCO2 observed in late June was likely caused by high photosynthetic rates related to high phytoplankton densities typically observed from spring to early summer near the ice edge, and by water low in salinity and CO2 released by melting sea ice early in the season. 相似文献
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紫外辐射增强对不同发育阶段荒漠藻结皮光合作用的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
以腾格里沙漠东南缘自然植被区、51龄和26龄人工植被区藻结皮为研究对象,模拟研究了2%紫外辐射增强对不同发育阶段结皮叶绿素a含量(Chl-a)和净光合速率的影响。结果表明:①紫外辐射增强显著抑制了51龄和26龄人工植被区藻结皮的Chl-a含量(P<0.05),紫外辐射增强后不同发育阶段藻结皮的Chl-a含量无显著差异(P<0.05); ②紫外辐射增强显著抑制了3个植被区藻结皮的净光合速率(P<0.05),紫外辐射增强处理后,自然植被区,51龄和26龄人工植被区藻结皮的最大净光合速率分别为1.8、2.2 μmol·m-2·s-1和1.9 μmol·m-2·s-1,比对照分别下降了21%~49%,12%~22%和24%~59%。方差分析表明,紫外辐射增强后,3个发育阶段的藻结皮净光合速率无显著差异(P<0.05)。本研究表明,紫外辐射增强通过降低荒漠藻结皮的光合色素含量,减少了结皮的净光合速率,从而会对荒漠区藻结皮的生产力产生影响。 相似文献
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Pigment characterization for the 2011 bloom in Qinhuangdao implicated "brown tide" events in China 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
A large-scale bloom occurred from May to June in 2011 in sea area near Qinhuangdao of the Bohai Sea, leading to huge damage of the scallop culture industry. Similar blooms have been observed in this region for three years. The causative species of the bloom, which dominated the phytoplankton community with the maximum cell density around 109 cell/L, could not be identified with morphological features due to the small cell size (~2 mm). A pigment analytical method was then adopted to analyze the pigment profile of the phytoplankton samples collected from the blooming sea area. It was found that pico-sized (<2 mm), nano-sized (2-20 mm), and bulk phytoplankton samples had similar pigment profile, representing the pigment signature of the bloom-causative species. The major pigments detected included 19-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin (But-fuco), fucoxanthin (Fuco), diadinoxanthin (Diad) and chlorophyll a (Chl a), and high content of But-fuco was the most significant characteristics of the phytoplankton samples. Based on the pigment composition and content, the bloom-causative species could be tentatively identified as pelagophyte, "type 8" group of haptophyte, or silicoflagellate. Some unique features of the bloom, such as the extremely high cell density, small-sized and But-fuco containing cells, occurring in early summer, and the feeding-cessation effects on scallops, suggest it be a "brown tide" event similar to those reported in the east coast of the United States of America. The recurrent "brown tide" events and their dramatic impacts on the shellfish mariculture industry in Qinhuangdao need close attention in the coming years. 相似文献